Muindasitiri yekuwachira machira erineni, muchina wekubvisa mvura ndiwo midziyo mikuru muhurongwa hwekuwachisa machira emugero. Dundira ndiro chinhu chakakosha mumuchina wekubvisa mvura. Zvisinei, dambudziko rekubuda kweganda kana kunamira pamusoro pedundira rave richinyanya kuoneka, kunyanya pakusuka machira ane ruvara rwakareruka. Izvi hazvingokanganisi kuchena kwerineni chete asi zvinogonawo kukonzera kusvibiswa kwerineni.
Kuongorora Chikonzero
❑ Kukura kwedundira
Pakuisa dundira remvura, kana dhayamita yedundira remvura isingaenderane nezvinodiwa nemupi wedhinda, ipapo matambudziko akawanda achaonekwa.
Kana dundira rakakura kupfuura dengu mushure mekuzadzwa nemvura, dundira richaramba richikwesha dengu, nokudaro richikurumidzisa kupera kwedundira. Kusiyana neizvi, kana mukaha uri pakati pedundira nemadziro emukati medundiradzvanyaYakakura zvakanyanya, hunyoro huri mujira huchasvinwa nepakati pemukana panguva yekudzvanya, zvichiita kuti hunyoro hwekeke rejira hukwire, zvichiita kuti nguva yekuomesa iwedzere uye simba riwedzere kushandiswa.
❑ Dengu rakakanganisika
Dengu remuchina wekudhonza mvura rinogona kukanganisika zvishoma nekufamba kwenguva. Kukanganisika uku kungasaonekwa nemaziso zviri nyore. Zvisinei, kana muchina wekudhonza mvura uchishanda, kumanikidzwa kwemukati kunenge kwakakwira zvakanyanya, kazhinji kusvika mazana ematani. Kukanganisika kwedengu kunogona kukonzera kuti musoro wekudzvanya nebhegi remvura zvibve pakati zvotsveyamira kune rumwe rutivi, zvichikonzera kupera simba kwakanyanya kune rumwe rutivi rwebhegi remvura.
Kushanduka kwedengu kunogona kukonzera kuti musoro wepressure nedundira remvura zvibve pakati zvotsveyama kudivi rimwe, zvichikonzera kupera simba kwakanyanya kune rimwe divi redundira remvura.
❑ Kuora kwetsvina yekugeza
Kana sipo dzinoshandiswa mukuwacha mbatyaMaitiro acho (mvura yekuwachisa, upfu hwekuchenesesa, oxalic acid, acetic acid) haashandiswi nemazvo, anogona kukonzera ngura kudundira remvura. Sipo dzine acid yakawanda kana alkalinity yakasimba dzinogona kukanganisa dundira remvura, zvichiita kuti ridonhe kana kunamira. Pamusoro pezvo, kana huwandu hwesipo dzakashandiswa husina kunaka, zvinhu zvine acid kana alkaline zvinosara zvinobata dundira kana zvichidzvanywa, uye zvinosimbisa dambudziko rengura.
❑ Kuunganidzwa Kwetsvina Pamusoro
Mushure mekunge dundira remvura rashandiswa kwenguva yakareba, zvinhu zvitema zvinogona kuungana pamusoro pedundira remvura. Zvinhu izvi zvinowanzo umbwa nekuda kwekuti jira kana mushonga wekuchenesa uri muchina uyu hauna kusukurudzwa zvakanaka.
Tsvina iyi haingokanganisi mashandiro edundira chete asiwo inogona kupinda mukati medundira, zvichiita kuti pamusoro pedundira pawire.
Mazano Ekugadzirisa Matambudziko
❑ Kuongororwa kwakanyatsojeka uye kuongororwa kwehukuru nguva dzose
● Kuongororwa kwehukuru panguva yekuiswa
Pakuisa dundira remvura, dhayamita yaro inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa nevapi vemidziyo yekubvisa mvura. Kazhinji, panofanira kuva nemukana we1-2mm pakati pedundira remvura nemadziro emukati medundira. Kana dundira remvura rine mvura mukati rakakura kupfuura dengu, vanhu vanofanira kuchinja kuita dundira remvura rakakodzera.
● Kuongorora nekugadzirisa nguva dzose
Dundira remvura rinofanira kugara richiongororwa kuti rione kana dhayamita yaro iri mukati mehuwandu hwakatarwa hwemutengesi wemidziyo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuchinja mvura iri mudundira remvura kamwe chete pasvondo uye kugadzirisa dhayamita yedundira remvura. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, kana dundira remvura rasvika padhayamita inodiwa, nzvimbo chaiyo yepakati inofanira kuratidza chimiro chakabuda mudenga.
❑ Tarisa bhasikiti
● Dzivisa kuchinja kweganda
Dengu remuchina wekuburitsa mvurainogona kuchinja chimiro nekufamba kwenguva, saka zvinokurudzirwa kugara uchitarisa chimiro uye chimiro chedengu. Kana dengu racho rakachinja chimiro, vanhu vanofanira kurigadzirisa kana kuritsiva nenguva kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti mudziyo wekuburitsa mvura unoshanda zvakanaka.
● Gadzirisa Paramita Yekudhinda
Kana muchina wekuburitsa mvura uchishanda, iva nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo dzepakati pemusoro wepressure nedundira remvura dzakanyatsorongeka kudzivirira kupera simba kwakanyanya kune rumwe rutivi rwedundira remvura nekuda kwekutadza kwemuchina.
❑ Gadzirisa mashandisirwo uye manejimendi edhishi remvura
● Dzora zvakanyanya mwero wemushonga
Sipo dzinoshandiswa pakuwacha mbatya (mvura yekuwacha, upfu hwebleaching, oxalic acid, acetic acid) dzinofanira kuenzaniswa zvichienderana nemirairo yechigadzirwa. Dzivisa kushandisa sipo dzine acid yakawanda kana alkaline. Gara uchitarisa pH yemuchina wekuwachisa tunnel uye dzvanya pH ye pH kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti dziri munzvimbo yakachengeteka. (5-7)
● Kusapindirana kwemamiriro ezvinhu
Mukuwacha mbatya, kana pashandiswa sipo dzine alkaline, zvinhu zvine acidic zvinofanira kuwedzerwa kuti zvisaome kuitira kuti jira risaome kana kuti risaparadze dundira remvura. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa sipo dzisina kusimba kuitira kuti dundira remvura nejira risakuvadze dundira.
❑ Pamusoro pedundira remvura
● Kuchenesa nzvimbo nguva dzose
Tsvina iri pamusoro pedundira inofanira kucheneswa nenguva kuti isapinde mukati medundira zvoita kuti pamusoro payo padonhe. Zvinokurudzirwa kuchenesa pamusoro payo kamwe chete pasvondo.
● Mushonga wekuchenesa wakakodzera
Kushandisa mushonga wekuchenesa wakasarudzika kunogona kudzivirira ngura inokonzerwa nekushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwemushonga wekuchenesa. Mushonga wekuchenesa une makemikari mashoma uye unogona kubvisa tsvina pasina kukuvadza pamusoro.
Matanho Ekudzivirira uye Kutarisira Kwenguva Refu
❑ Maitiro ekushanda akajairika
● Mutemo wakadzama wekushanda
Gadzira uye tevera maitiro ekushandisa akajairika, kusanganisira kuisa, kushandisa, kugadzirisa, uye kuchena kwedundira remvura. Iva nechokwadi chekuti mushandi wese anoziva uye anotevedzera mitemo yekushanda.
● Kudzidziswa uye bvunzo
Gara uchidzidzisa vashandi kuti vazive nzira dzakakodzera dzekushandisa uye nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa. Iva nechokwadi chekuti mushandi wese anoziva hunyanzvi hwacho pabvunzo.
❑ Kugadzirisa nekutarisira michina
● Gara uchichengetedza michina yekudhinda
Chishandiso ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoshandisa maburi emvura. Gara uchiongorora uye uchichengetedza zvikamu zvese zvechishandiso kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chinoshanda zvakanaka. Kunyanya, kuongorora bhasiketi nemusoro wepressure zvinofanirwa kuonekwa sezvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzirisa.
● Kuvandudzwa kwemidziyo uye kugadziriswa kwayo
Zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo ekushandiswa, funga nezvekuvandudza kana kugadzirisa muchina wekudhinda kuti uwedzere kushanda kwawo uye hupenyu hwebasa rawo. Semuenzaniso, isa sisitimu yekutarisa otomatiki kuti iongorore dhayamita yedundira remvura uye mamiriro ekushanda kwemuchina wekudhinda panguva chaiyo.
❑ Gadzirisa maitiro ekuwacha
● Gadzirisa maparamita ekuwachisa
Gadzirisakuwachanguva netembiricha zvichienderana nerudzi rwerineni uye mwero wekusvibiswa kwaro. Parineni ine ruvara rwakajeka, tembiricha yekuwachisa inofanira kuderedzwa zvakakodzera, uye huwandu hwemakemikari anoshandiswa hunofanira kudzikiswa kudzivirira kukuvara kwerineni kana ngura yedundira remvura.
● Wedzera huwandu hwemasukiro
Munguva yekuwacha, wedzera huwandu hwemasukurudzo kuitira kuti makemikari ari mujira asuke zvakanaka. Izvi hazvingoderedzi ngura yedundira remvura chete asiwo zvinovandudza kuchena kwejira.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-01-2025