Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora zvakaipira zvemaitiro ekugadzirisa machira aripo iye zvino.
Kurongeka Kusina Kunaka kweMakamuri Ekuwachira uye Mabasa Ekugadzira Nzvimbo Asina Kukwana
● Nzvimbo yejira rine tsvina nenzvimbo yejira rakachena rekuwacha mbatyaImba yacho yakavhurika zvachose, isina madziro akavharwa zvizere. Machira akagezwa nejira rakasvibiswa zvakaunganidzwa munzvimbo imwe chete yekugadzirisa. Machira akasvibiswa ndiwo anova chinhu chikuru chinokonzera kusvibiswa.
● Nzvimbo yejira rakasviba haina nzvimbo yakatarwa yekuunganidzira machira akasviba (hapana nzvimbo yakatarwa yekuverengera jira rakasviba), nzvimbo yekusarudzira, nzvimbo yekuwachira, nzvimbo yekuuraya utachiona, nzvimbo yekuchengetera ngoro dzakasviba, uye nzvimbo yekuzorora yevashandi yekuchinja mbatya dzavo.
● Hakuna nzvimbo dzakatsaurirwa kuomesa, nzvimbo dzekuayina, nzvimbo dzekurongedza nekupeta, nzvimbo dzekugovera, nzvimbo dzekugadziridza, nzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu, nzvimbo dzekuchenesa nedzekuchengetera mota, kana dzimba dzekuchinjira vashandi, nezvimwewo.
● Kusuka kwese kunoitirwa munzvimbo imwe chete. Hakuna nzvimbo dzekuchenesa, uye mhepo, mwenje, mhepo inofefetera, mvura, dziva rekushambira, nezvimwewo, hazvisvike pazvinodiwa nekurapwa.
● Hapana musiyano wakajeka pakati pekupinda nemucheka wakasviba uchienda kuimba yekuwachira nekupinda nemucheka wakachena uchienda kuimba yekuwachira. Mucheka wakachena nemucheka wakasviba une tsvina zvine nzira imwe chete yekupinda nekubva uye nzira imwe chete yekufambisa.
Uyezve, kufamba kwevanhu pasina muganho kunogonawo kukonzera kusvibiswa. Kusuka kwese hakugone kuchinja kubva pakusviba kuenda pakuchena pasina kuyambuka kana kutenderera, uye pane mukana wakakura wekutapukirwa nehutachiona.
Midziyo Yekuwachira Yekare
● Iyomichina yekuwachiraYakwegura uye yagara ichishandiswa kwenguva yakareba, zvekuti matunhu mazhinji akwegura. Mabasa evashandi haasi emhando yepamusoro. Rineni iri muimba yekuwachira mbatya inobvira moto, izvo zvinokonzera njodzi dzakawanda dzakavanda kukuchengetedzwa kwemoto muzvipatara.
● Midziyo yekuwachira inoita ruzha rukuru. Rineni mushure mekuwacha ine ruvara rwakawanda. Huwandu hwemvura inoraswa inobuda hwakawanda. Kugadziriswa kwemidziyo yekuwachira kwakawanda uye kwakaoma. Izvi zvinokanganisa nharaunda yese yezvipatara uye zvinowedzera kuoma kwekutarisira nemitengo.
● Nekuda kwezvishandiso zvekuwacha mbatya zvisina kurongeka, mashandiro evashandi ane mwero mukuru wekusarongeka, izvo zvinoita kuti zviwanikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita semvura, magetsi, utsi, uye makemikari zviparadzwe.
● Midziyo yekupedzisa mushure mekusuka haina kunaka. Kuayina nekupeta mbatya nemachira (machira) hazvina kukwana, zvichikanganisa ruzivo rwemushandisi.
Maitiro Asina Kujeka Pakusuka Shiri Yakasviba
● Pakuwacha, jira rakasviba risati rawacha uye jira rakachena risati rawacha zvinoiswa uye zvinoburitswa kubva pamusuwo mumwe chete wekutakura zvinhu. Rineni rinoshandiswa nemunhu mumwe chete risati rawacha uye rapera. Izvi zvinoguma nekusvibiswa kusingapindiki.
● Machira anoshandiswa nevashandi vezvekurapa, machira evana, machira pamibhedha yevarwere, machira ari mumakamuri ekupa varwere nemakamuri ekuvhiyira, machira ane utachiona kana kuti akasvibiswa zvakanyanya, nezvimwewo, haagoni kugezwa ari ega uye munzvimbo dzakasiyana. (njodzi huru yehutachiona hwehutachiona)
Mitemo neMitemo Zvisina Kukwana zveImba Yekuwachira
Mukati menguva yese yekuwacha, hapana mitemo yakanyorwa zvakadzama kana zvinodiwa zvekuunganidza, kurongedza, kusuka, kuomesa, kupeta, kuayina, kurongedza, kurongedza, kuchengetedza, kugovera, uye kutakurwa kwemachira ane tsvina. Hakuna sisitimu yekudzidzisa zvakanaka kana sisitimu yekuongorora futi. Izvi zvinoenderana neruzivo rwebasa.
Izvi zvinotungamirira kumhedzisiro inotevera:
● Nzira yekugeza isina musoro
Hunhu hwekuwacha haugone kuvimbiswa. Mavara mazhinji haagone kubviswa. Rineni inoshanduka kuita yero uye grey mushure mekuwacha kwenguva refu, zvichiita kuti vanhu vanzwe zvakaipa.
● Kugeza kusina kurongeka
Hapana mitemo ine musoro pamusoro pekuwachahuwandu, tembiricha yekuwacha, nguva yekuwacha, huwandu hwezvinhu zvemakemikari, chiyero chekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvemakemikari, maitiro ekushandisa zvinhu zvemakemikari, uye nguva yekuomesa poto yega yega yemuchina wekuwacha. Izvi zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwebasa rewachi zvakanyanya, uye zvinotungamira kune akawanda machira akaraswa.
● Kuongororwa kusina kukwana
Munguva yekugadziriswa kwemachira, nekuda kwekusaongororwa kwakakwana, zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvisina mwero zvakaendeswa kumadhipatimendi ekiriniki, zvichikonzera kugutsikana kushoma mumadhipatimendi aya.
Rineni yaifanira kunge yakagadziriswa haina kugadziriswa.
Rineni yaifanira kunge yakagadziriswazve uye yakasukwa haina kusukwazve.
Rineni yaifanira kunge yakaraswa haina kusarudzwa nekukasika ndokuraswa…
● Kusashandisa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona zvakakwana
Kuchenesa imba yekuwachira yemukati hakuna kuitwa zvakanaka. Hapana nzvimbo chaiyo kana mwero wehunyanzvi wekuchenesa nekuuraya utachiona pazvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa (matrolley ekutakura, zvinhu zvekurongedza, mabhasikiti epurasitiki…) Izvi zvinowedzera mukana wekuti machira akachena acheneswe.
● Kusaongororwa kwakakwana
Zviratidzo zvemachira akachena (pH inofanira kuva pakati pe6.5 ne7.5) uye zviratidzo zvehutachiona (huwandu hwemabhakitiriya ≤200, hapana kuonekwa kwebhakitiriya re coliform ne Staphylococcus aureus…) hazvina kuongororwa zuva nezuva. Izvi hazvienderane nezvinodiwa zvekugezesa kwechiremba.
Kuronga uye Kuverenga Rineni Zvine Kakavadzano
● Kudzivirira hutachiona hwehutachiona, machira anotakurwa nevashandi vekuchenesa vedhipatimendi rega rega kuenda kuimba yekuwachira kuti vaverengerwe pamwe chete panzvimbo pekuverengwa vakatarisana nevanamukoti vari mumawadhi.
Izvi zvinowanzokonzera kusawirirana pakati peimba yekuwachira mbatya nevashandi vekutarisira zvivakwa maererano neruzivo rwekupa machira.
● Kushandiswa kwemachira erineni mubazi kwakawedzera basa guru uye kuoma kwekusarudza vashandi vekuwacha mbatya.
Izvi zvinokonzeresa kupararira kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuvhiringidzika pakati pemadhipatimendi ekiriniki.
● Pamachira akawanda erineni, vanhu vanogona kuona mazita emapazi akagadziriswa uye akanyorwa nemaoko, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya runako rwemachira ekurapa.
Kushomeka Kwemachira Mukamuri Rekuwachira
● Kana imba yekuwachira mbatya ikakanganiswa nezvimwe zvinhu zvisiri zvevanhu zvakaita sekudzimwa kwemvura nemagetsi, tembiricha shoma yechando, kushaikwa kwemhepo yakawanda, uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwemidziyo, madhipatimendi ekiriniki anowanzo mhanyidzana nekukumbira ruregerero nekuda kwekusakwanisa kupa machira.
● Kana zvipatara zvikatenga machira ekurapa zvega, zvinofanirwa kutevedzera maitiro ekutenga akabatana. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinowanzokundikana kufambirana nekukururwa nekugadziriswa kwemachira nekufamba kwenguva. Izvi zvinotungamira kumatambudziko kana kushomeka kwekuchinjana kwemachira ekurapa.
Maitiro Asina Kujeka Ekubvisa Magumbeze
Hapana mitemo yakadzama yekubvisa jira rerineni. Rineni rakakuvara rakagadziriswa kakawanda risati rataurwa kuti rakarasika, izvo zvakakanganisa mufananidzo wezvekurapa.
Varwere vari muchipatara havadiwo kushandisa machira ane mapenji akawanda, uye nekuda kweizvozvo, madhipatimendi ekiriniki anowanzo gamuchira zvichemo kubva kuvarwere. Izvi zvinounza kusagadzikana kukuru mukutarisirwa kwemachira ekurapa muzvipatara.
Kusawirirana Kwemabhedha Akasiyana-siyana
Chipatara chinotanga nzira imwe chete yekutenga machira erineni.
Munguva yekutenga, zvakaoma kusimbisa mhando yerineni nekuona kwekunzwa. Vanowanzo sarudza vatengesi zvichienderana nemutengo. Nekuda kwekuchinja kwevatengesi uye mabheti akasiyana ekutenga, pane musiyano wemhando yerineni yakatengwa. Inowanzo shaikwa mushure mekusukwa kakawanda nekuda kwekuderera kwakanyanya kana kupera kwemavara zvakanyanya mushure mekusukwa kwakanyanya nekuda kwekusakurumidza kwemavara. Izvi zvinokonzera kusagutsikana pakati pemadhipatimendi ekiriniki pakushandisa rineni.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-18-2025